章开沅与辛亥革命和中国资产阶级研究

Zhang Kaiyuan's Research on the Revolution of 1911 and the Bourgeois Class

"文革"结束不久,章开沅即勇于解放思想,呼吁打破对中国资产阶级"立足于批"的精神枷锁,为实事求是地评价上升时期的中国资产阶级扫除了障碍;随后又在坚持马克思主义理论指导的前提下,开创"社会历史土壤学"这一辛亥革命史与中国资产阶级研究的新范式;倡导"上下延伸"与"横向会通"的新视野与新方法;并从概念、模式、类型、布局等若干方面提出改进研究中国资产阶级方法的一系列精辟见解。作为研究辛亥革命与中国资产阶级的著名学者,章开沅不仅在专题实证研究方面取得了大量有影响的高水平成果,而且在研究理论与方法方面,高屋建瓴地引领辛亥革命与中国资产阶级研究不断向纵深拓展,发挥了十分突出的作用与影响。

Shortly after the Cultural Revolution( 1966-76),Zhang Kaiyuan was brave enough to think and speak freely,and worked to break the spiritual chain that had restricted previous research on the bourgeoisclass only for criticizing their role in history. In so doing,he swept aside the obstacles in evaluating the bourgeoisie on a factual base for their contribution at some stage of history when they rose in challenging feudalism. Later,by upholding the guidance of Marxism,he inaugurated a new paradigm in the study of the1911 Revolution and the bourgeois class,which was termed 'Studying the Context or the Soil of Social History. 'Zhang advocated a new research vision and new methods: examining connections from past events to the present and drawing parallels between similar but geographically separated events. He developed a series of insightful opinions on the concept,pattern,category and scope of the study of Chinese bourgeoisie; all of which improved the research methods in the field. As a celebrated scholar of the Revolution of 1911 and the Chinese bourgeoisie,Zhang Kaiyuan not only made significant and influential contributions in empirical study,but he also developed profound research theory and techniques for the field. The study of the Revolution of 1911 has benefited greatly from his scholarship.