水上光伏发电系统雷电防护技术

Lightning Protection Technology for Water Photovoltaic Power Generation System

光伏发电系统是一种清洁、安全、便利、高效的新兴发电产业。近年来,以"渔光互补"为代表的水上光伏发电系统发展显著,很大程度上解决了建设传统光伏电站土地资源稀缺等难题,有效提高了土地综合利用效益。为了防止和减少雷电对水上光伏发电系统造成的设备损害和人身伤害,确保光伏发电系统安全可靠运行,通过分析所在地的雷电环境特征及雷电危害途径,结合水上光伏发电系统的布置形式和结构特征,提出综合性雷电防护方案,采取由接闪器、引下线和接地装置组成的外部防雷装置来预防直击雷危害;综合应用等电位连接和共用接地系统、屏蔽及合理布线、安装电涌保护器来有效减少雷电过电压,以及雷击电磁脉冲对光伏发电系统造成的电气和电子系统损坏。

The photovoltaic power generation system is a kind of clean, safe, convenient and efficient power generation industry. In recent years, as one of water photovoltaic power generation systems, the ＂fishing- photovoltaic complementation＂ has a significant development, which solves the problem of the scarce traditional photovoltaic power station construction land resources and improves the efficiency of the comprehensive land utilization. In order to prevent and reduce the equipment damage and personal injury of the water photovoltaic power generation system caused by lightning to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the photovoltaic power generation systems, by analyzing the lightning environmental characteristics and its damage where the project is located, combining with the layout form and structure characteristics of the water photovoltaic power generation systems, a comprehensive lightning protection scheme is put forward, which uses an external lightning protection system composed of the air-termination system, down-conductor system, and earth-termination system to prevent the direct lightning flash damage, and comprehensively uses the equipotential bonding and common earthing system, electromagnetic shielding, and wiring reasonably, installing surge protective devices （SPDs）, and so on to effectively reduce the damage of the electrical and electronic systems in the photovoltaic power generation systems caused by lightning overvoltages and lightning electromagnetic impulses.