超声辅助酶提鳙鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的工艺和表征

Process and Characterizations of Collagen Extracted from Aristichthys nobilis Scales by Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis

对超声辅助胃蛋白酶酶提鳙鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白工艺进行研究。以胶原蛋白提取率为目标,以超声波功率、超声时间、固液比、胃蛋白酶用量、酶解液pH和酶提时间等6个工艺参数为考察因素,通过单因素和正交试验确定最优参数为:超声波功率420 W、超声时间30 min、固液比1∶15(g/mL)、胃蛋白酶用量6%、酶解液pH 1、酶提时间3 h。在此条件下,胶原蛋白提取率为56.01%。紫外-可见分光光度仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和X-射线衍射分析仪的表征及氨基酸分析仪的分析表明,产品为Ⅰ型胶原蛋白,其氨基酸成分和含量与典型的哺乳动物和鱼类胶原蛋白基本一致。超声辅助酶解使胶原蛋白的提取率比常规酶解提高了87%左右,是一种具有良好应用前景的联合技术。

The extraction process of collage from Aristichthys nobilis scales by ultrasonic assisted enzymatic hydrolysis was studied.With extraction yield of collagen as target,six process parameters including ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time,solidliquid ratio,pepsin dosage,enzymolysis liquid pH and enzymatic time as investigation factors,single factor and orthogonal experiment methods were adopted.The optimal parameters were determined that ultrasonic power of 420 W,ultrasonic time of 30 min,solid-liquid ratio 1∶15（g/mL）,pepsin dosage of 6%,pH 1 and enzymatic time of 3 h,respectively.Under such condition,the collagen extraction yield was 56.01%.The characterizations of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analyzer and the analysis of amino acid analyzer confirmed that the extracted product was Ⅰ-type collagen and its compositions and contents were basically consistent with those of the typical mammals and fish collagen.Ultrasonic assisted enzymatic hydrolysis increased the collagen extraction yield by 87%,which was higher than that of conventional enzymatic hydrolysis.It is a composite technology with good application prospect.