扬州市售鱼体内铅、镉、铝含量特征及其暴露风险分析

Concentration and Exposure Risk Analysis of Lead,Cadmium and Aluminum in Fish in the Markets of Yangzhou

采用原子吸收分光光度计法对市售10种常见鱼类铅、镉、铝重金属含量进行测定,并根据鱼的生态分布、食性和来源特征进行重金属含量分析,探讨了居民食用水产品导致重金属暴露的风险性。结果表明,白鲢鱼中铅含量最大,为0.209 mg/kg,鲜鲳鱼中镉、铝含量最大,分别为0.042 mg/kg,0.613 mg/kg。鱼体内铅、镉、铝的含量与其食性、来源、生态分布有关,其中肉食性鱼类高于杂食性鱼类;淡水养殖中铅的含量较高,捕捞鱼类中镉、铝含量高于养殖鱼类;中下层鱼类受铅、镉、铝污染程度较其它区域高。暴露风险分析表明鲢鱼中铅含量和鲜鲳鱼中镉、铝含量占每周可耐受摄入量(PTWI)比分别为65.4%,72.4%和0.24%,铅、镉存在暴露风险。

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was applied to determine heavy metal including lead,cadmium andaluminium in 10 kinds of common economic fish from seafood market.Examine the relationship of heavy metals concentration with feeding,source and ecological distribution mode of fish.Subsequently,the exposure risk of heavy metals that was due to residents＇ consumption of aquatic products was assessed.Results showed that the lead concentration in silver carp was the largest,and it reached 0.209 mg/kg.Concentration of cadmium and aluminum in fresh pomfret was 0.042 and 0.613 mg/kg,respectively,which was much higher than that of the average.Meanwhile,it was also found that the concentration of cadmium,lead and aluminum in fish had something to do with feeding,source and ecological distribution mode.The heavy metals concentration in carnivorous fish were more than the that in omnivorous fish;High concentration of lead in freshwater aquaculture,the concentration of cadmium,aluminum in catch fish was higher than in farmed fish;Lower fish contaminated with lead,cadmium,aluminum level was higher than other regions.By the calculation,lead weekly actual intake in silver carp and cadmium,aluminum weekly actual intakes in fresh pomfret were reached 65.4%,72.4% and 0.24% of PTWI,concentration of lead and cadmium still had a risk of exposure.