含低聚半乳糖+低聚果糖配方奶对婴儿粪便性状及有益菌水平的影响

Effects of a GOS+FOS supplemented formula on stool characteristics and fecal beneficial bacteria content in infants

目的探讨添加1.34 g/L低聚半乳糖+低聚果糖(GOS+FOS)益生元组合的配方奶对健康足月婴儿大便性状及肠道有益菌水平的影响。方法纳入出生3周内的配方奶(FF组)喂养婴儿25例和母乳喂养(BF组)儿29例,FF组在中位日龄13 d(1~27 d)时全部使用GOS+FOS配方奶喂养。在两组婴儿6、12周龄时进行体格测量,采集粪便标本,同时记录其大便次数和性状。应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测粪便中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌及其亚种水平。结果在6~12周龄的随访期内,FF组婴儿的体质量增加速率为(33.56±7.03)g/d,BF组为(31.18±6.91)g/d,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6周龄时,FF组婴儿排便次数较少且粪便偏硬,12周龄时大便性状与BF组相似。FF组6周龄时粪便中双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌和短双歧杆菌水平均低于BF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12周龄时上述有益菌含量均有增加,且与BF组差距缩小。结论添加低剂量GOS+FOS益生元的配方奶可为健康婴儿提供合理营养,有助于软化粪便并促进肠道双歧杆菌的生长。

Objective To investigate the impact of an infant formula supplemented with 1.34 g/L oligosaccharides mixture （galactooligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides, GOS＋FOS） on growth, stool characteristics and fecal beneficial bacteria content in healthy infants. Methods 25 formula-fed （FF） infants and 29 breast-fed （BF） infants within 3 weeks after birth were included and followed up. FF infants were exclusively fed with GOS＋FOS supplemented formula at the median age of 13d （1-27d）. Body weight and head circumference at 6 and 12 weeks were measured. The frequency, consistency, and color of the infant＇s stool, and occttrrences of spit-up or vomiting during the study period were recorded daily by the parents. Stool samples were collected at 6 and 12 weeks of age, and then subjected to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for the enumeration of lactobacillus, bifidobacteria, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Results No difference in daily weight gain was detected between the two groups （33.56 4- 7.03g vs. 31.18 ＋ 6.91g, P=0.22） during the observation phase from 6 to 12 weeks. FF infants had less frequent and firmer stools at 6 weeks than BF infants, and they both had similar stool frequency, color and consistency at the end of study. FF infants had less fecal Bifidobacterium, B. longum and B. breve at 6 weeks, but those differences became less significant at 12 weeks with more increase in fecal B. longum and B. breve levels in FF infants during the follow up. Conclusions The GOS＋FOS supplemented formula provides adequate nutrition for growth, and promotes soft stools and intestinal bifidogenic effects in healthy infants.