湖北省居民膳食模式与2型糖尿病关系的研究

Relation between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus among residents in Hubei Province

目的探讨湖北省居民膳食模式与2型糖尿病发病的关系。方法选取2011年"中国健康与营养调查"中18~75岁湖北居民作为研究对象,应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析,利用探索性因子分析方法建立膳食模式,采用logistic回归模型分析2型糖尿病发生的危险因素。结果湖北省男性和女性居民均得到6种膳食模式。男性患糖尿病的危险随着年龄的增加而上升(OR=2.101,95%CI:1.132~3.893);超重及肥胖男性的糖尿病患病危险是正常体重男性的2.798倍(OR=2.798,95%CI:1.011~7.207);脂肪供能比35%以上的男性发生糖尿病的危险是脂肪供能比25%以下男性的4.498倍(OR=4.498,95%CI:1.121~18.186);高血压男性发生糖尿病危险是非高血压男性的3.581倍(OR=3.581,95%CI:1.286~9.970);畜肉水果模式第4四分位数男性糖尿病患病危险是第1四分位数男性的8.284倍(OR=8.284,95%CI:1.688~40.612)。女性患糖尿病的危险随着年龄的增加而上升(OR=3.704,95%CI:1.352~10.122);脂肪供能比35%以上的女性发生糖尿病的危险是脂肪供能比25%以下女性的1.637倍(OR=1.637,95%CI:1.021~3.869);畜肉速食模式第3四分位和第1四分位数相比(OR=7.500,95%CI:1.959~58.602),第4四分位和第1四分位数相比(OR=7.561,95%CI:1.673~45.230)。结论改变不合理的膳食模式,控制体重和血压是预防2型糖尿病的重要措施。

Objective To investigate the relation between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） among resi- dents in Hubei Province. Methods The Hubei residents aged 18-75 years from China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2011 were selected as the research objects. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 software. The exploratory factor analy- sis method was used to obtain dietary pattern. The logistic regression model was employed to illustrate the risk factors of T2DM. Results Six dietary patterns were identified respectively for male and female residents in Hubei Province. The T2DM risk in the males increased with the increasing age （OR= 2.101, 95%CI： 1.132-3.893）. Overweight and obesity males had 2.798 times （OR =2.798, 95%CI： 1.011-7.207） risk being T2DM than normal weight males. The males with more than 35% energy from fat had 4. 498 times （ OR=4.498, 95%CI： 1.121-18.186） risk being T2DM than those with less than 25% energy from fat. The males with hypertension had 3.581 times （ OR= 3.581,95%CI： 1.286-9.970） risk being T2DM than those with normal blood pressure. For the meat-fruit pattern, compared with the first quartile , the fourth quartile had an OR of 8.284 （95%CI： 1.688-40.612）. The T2DM risk in the females increased with the increasing age （ OR = 3.704, 95%CI： 1.352-10.122）. The females with more than 35% ener- gy from fat had 1.637 times （OR= 1.637,95%CI： 1.021-3.869） risk being T2DM than those with less than 25% energy from fat . For meat-instant-food pattern, compared with the first quartile, the third quartile had an OR of 7.500 （95%CI： 1.959-58.602）, and the fourth quartile had an OR of 7. 561 （ 95% CI： 1. 673-45. 230）. Conclusions It is very important for prevention of T2DM to change the unreasonable dietary pattern and control body weight and blood pressure.