成都市家庭自酿葡萄酒中甲醇含量及影响因素分析

Concentration of methanol and its influencing factors in home-brewed wine in Chengdu City

目的了解成都市家庭自酿葡萄酒中甲醇含量及影响因素,为风险评估提供数据。方法征集成都市2014年及以前家庭自酿葡萄酒52份,采用气相色谱法检测甲醇含量,同时通过问卷调查了解样品基本信息,分析了甲醇含量总体及分布状况,酒精度、存放时间和酿制时间对甲醇含量的影响。结果 52份家庭自酿葡萄酒中甲醇检出率为100%,含量范围为:60~258 mg/L,平均含量为120.88 mg/L,酒精度、存放时间、酿制时间不同的各组样品甲醇含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论成都市2014年及以前家庭自酿葡萄酒中甲醇含量均低于国家标准400 mg/L。未发现甲醇的安全问题及隐患。酒精度、存放时间、酿制时间对甲醇含量无影响。

Objective To investigate the concentration of methanol and its affecting factors in home-brewed wine in Chengdu City so as to provide data for its risk assessment. Methods We collected 52 samples of home-brewed wine made in 2014 and before in Chengdu City. The concentration of methanol of the samples was detected by gas chromatography ; meanwhile, a quetion- naire survey was conducted to know about the general information of the 52 samples. We analyzed the concentration of methanol, its distribution and the effects of alcohol content, store time and brewing time on methanol concentration. Results The detection rate of methanol in the 52 samples of home-brewed wine was 100%. The concentration range was between 60 mg/L and 258 mg/L, and the average concentration was 120.88 mg/L. There were no statistically significant differences in the concentration of methanol in the groups with different alcohol content, store time and brewing time （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The methanol concentration of the 52 samples of home-brewed wine made in 2014 and before in Chengdu City is all below the national standard （400 mg/L）. No safe problems and hidden danger about methanol are found in the home-brewed wine in Chengdu City. Alcohol content, store time and brewing time have no effect on methanol concentration.