职业性铟接触对作业工人肺功能影响的调查研究

Impact of occupational indium exposure on lung function of workers

目的通过调查职业性铟接触工人肺功能及影像学检查结果,以探讨职业性铟接触对健康的损害效应。方法收集郑州某精密仪器公司1 139名上岗前工人(对照组)和650名接触铟在岗期间工人(接触组)的基本资料,对肺功能及高仟伏X线胸片检查结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果接触组男工平均用力肺活量(FCV)、1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)分别为(4.24±0.58)L、(3.83±0.49)L,显著低于对照组男工(4.37±0.61)L、(3.94±0.53)L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组女工和对照组女工用力肺活量(FCV)平均值分别为(3.00±0.43)L和(3.09±0.44)L,1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)分别为(2.67±0.32)L和(2.76±0.39)L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高仟伏X线胸片检查结果,接触组650名工人中出现高密度阴影的人数为11人,异常率为16.92‰,对照组1 139名工人中出现高密度阴影的人数为17人,异常率为14.93‰,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论职业性铟接触可能引起作业工人肺功能下降。

Objective To investigate the pulmonary function and imageological examination results of workers oceupationallyexposued to indium, and to explore the impairment effect of occupational indium exposure on health. Methods We collected the general information of 1,139 pre-service workers （the control group） and 650 workers with indium exposure （the exposure group ） from a precision instrument company in Zhengzhou, and then retrospectively analyzed their examination results of lung function and X-ray high-voltage chest radiograph. Results The forced vital capacity （ FVC ） and forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV1） were significantly lower in male workers of the exposure group than in male ones of the control group （ （4.24± 0. 58} L vs. （ 4.37±0.61 ） L, （3.83±0.49） L vs. （3.94±0.53） L） , with statistically significant differences （ both P〈0.05 ）. The FVC values of female workers of the exposure group and the control group were （3.00±0.43） L and （3.09±0.44）1, respectively, and the FEV1 of female workers of the two groups was （2.67±0.32） L and （2.76±0.39） L respectively, showing statistically signifi- cant differences （ both P〈0.05 ）. The results of X-ray high-voltage chest radiograph showed that no statistically significant differ- ences were found in the abnormal high-density shadow cases （P〉0.05） between the exposure group （16.92%v, 11/650 ） and the control group （ 14.93%% 17/1,139）. Conclusion Occupational indium exposure may lead to lung function decline in the ex- posed workers.