论国际气候变化法的生成

Research on Formation of International Climate Change Law

IPCC的1990年"评估报告"指出,人类活动产生的各种排放正在使大气中温室气体浓度显著增加;在人类活动排放大气层中的全部CO2中,燃烧矿物燃料占70%~90%,其余10%~30%则是人类对地球生态系统的利用所致。气候变化正不断吞噬人类生存空间,威胁人类的生存与发展,引发了国际关系的变动和国际秩序的革新。20世纪90年代后,以《联合国气候变化框架公约》为标志,国际法领域逐渐形成国际气候变化法这一新兴的国际法律部门,这是晚近国际法发展的一大突破。国际气候变化法的生成是内外因素共同作用的结果,气候变化科学认知、国际气候政治共识、国际气候合作和国际气候合作关系分别构成国际气候变化法生成的科学、政治、现实和法理基础,国际组织的推动和国内相关立法的影响构成国际气候变化法生成的重要外部因素。

According to the IPCC＇s Assessment Report of 1990,emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases.It is noted that emissions due to fossil fuel combustion amount to about 70%~90% of the total anthropogenic emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere,whereas the remaining 10%~30%is due to human use of terrestrial ecosystems.The climate change is encroaching the valuable living space,and endangering the existence and development of mankind,which have drastically affected the international relations and international order.The International Climate Change Law,marked by UNFCCC,is gradually formed as a new branch in the field of International Law after 1990 s.This is one of the most significant breakthroughs in the recent development of International Law.The Generation of International Climate Change Law is a consequence of internal and external factors.The scientific cognition of climate change,international climate political consensus,international climate cooperation and international climate cooperation relationship respectively constitute the scientific,political,realistic and legal basis of the formation of International Climate Change Law.As the important external factors,the international organizations and the relevant domestic legislation contribute to the formation of International Climate Change Law.