黄淮地区小麦品质性状特性分析

Analysis of Wheat Quality Traits in the North of the Huang-huai Wheat Region

为了给黄淮北部优质小麦品种选育提供理论指导,对该区5个不同地点种植的18个小麦新品系的品质性状进行了分析。结果表明,该区小麦品质在粗蛋白含量及稳定时间方面有待提高;形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度、面筋指数、最大拉伸阻力、延伸度6个性状受遗传因素控制,受地点环境因素影响小,硬度、沉淀值、粗蛋白和湿面筋含量等性状受地点环境因素影响大;通过聚类分析将14个性状分为7类,可以用7个类型指标来反映14个品质性状。在育种材料评价中,对受地理环境因素影响大的沉淀值、粗蛋白和湿面筋含量应与对照品种相比较,受遗传因素影响大的形成时间、稳定时间等应参照优质小麦标准进行取舍。

To provide theoretical guidance to the high quality wheat varieties production in the north of the Huang-huai region,the wheat quality traits of the 18 new varieties planted in five different locations were analyzed.The results showed that the total protein content and stabilization time of wheat in this area should be improved.The six traits of development time,stability time,degree of softening,gluten index,maximum resistance and extension were mainly controlled by varieties,and less influenced by environment.The hardness,sedimentation value,protein content and wet gluten content were mainly controlled by environment.Through clustering analysis,14 characters could be divided into 7 groups,seven types of indexes could be used to reflect the 14 quality traits.The breeding materials,sedimentation value,total protein and wet gluten content which were mainly affected by geographical environment factors should be compared with the control,the developing time,stability and others which were mainly influenced by genetic factors should be compared with the specific standards for high-quality wheat.