不同覆盖对盐碱土水分动态及玉米产量的研究

Effects of Different Coverage on Soil Moisture and Maize Yield in Saline Soil

为了合理利用盐碱土这种土地资源,采用平作不覆膜(M1)、平作常规覆膜(M2)、起垄全覆膜垄沟种植(M3)、起垄覆膜膜侧种植(M4)、裸地5种不同处理对盐碱土壤pH值、电导率(EC)、土壤含水量和玉米产量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,玉米生育期内,处理M4降低土壤pH值效果最好,最大降低幅度为15.8%;土壤EC值呈先上升后下降的趋势,最终土壤EC值较播前增加;玉米的产量由高到低依次为M4>M3>M2>M1,处理M4水分利用效率最高,为8.88%。通过试验发现,利用起垄覆膜膜侧种植玉米,能有效降低土壤p H值、改善土壤理化性质、增加玉米产量,可为当地玉米种植选择合适的耕作覆盖方式提供依据。

To rationally utilize the land resources,the effects of five different treatments（the M1 is represent the not coated convention planting,M2 is the coated convention planting,the M3 is the whole laminated furrow planting,the M4 is ridging membrane side planting,naked land）on the p H,conductivity（EC）,soil moisture content and maize yield were studied.The results showed that it was the best effective to reduce the soil p H of M4,it reduced 15.8%.Soil EC showed a trend of decline after rising first,eventually soil EC increased than before planted.The yield of maize from high to low in turn was M4M3M2M1,and the 8.88% of M4 water efficiency was the highest.Through the test,the use of ridging coated membrane corn can effectively reduce the soil p H,improve soil physical and chemical properties,increase yield of maize.In a word,the experiment can provide a scientific basis for selecting reasonable tillage coverage methods for the local maize planting.