基于质地多面分析法评价不同处理对蓝莓鲜果模拟运输及货架品质的影响

Effect of different treatments on the simulated transportation and shelf quality of blueberry based on texture profile analysis

为探究不同处理对蓝莓采后模拟运输及货架品质的影响。以"粉蓝"蓝莓为研究对象,将蓝莓果实和保鲜剂(10 mg/g乙烯吸附剂、20 mg/g乙烯吸附剂、1μL/L 1-MCP)装入泡沫箱,并加入蓄冷剂,以100 km/h的速度置于35℃外环境中模拟运输72 h后开箱,转移至生化培养箱,于4℃预冷4 h后进行货架实验,每隔48 h测定果实质地参数及好果率。结果表明,20 mg/g乙烯吸附剂能够更好地维持果实品质,货架结束时对照好果率仅为58.48%,而10 mg/g乙烯吸附剂、20 mg/g乙烯吸附剂、1μL/L 1-MCP处理好果率分别比对照提高了24.01%、49.93%和42.25%;同时,20 mg/g乙烯吸附剂处理能够延缓果实硬度、弹性、凝聚性、咀嚼性、回复性和好果率下降。因此,采用20 mg/g乙烯吸附剂对"粉蓝"蓝莓处理效果最好;蓝莓的好果率与果实硬度在一定范围内呈现良好的线性关系,因此,提出一个简便的拟合回归方程(y=0.037x^2-0.690x+230.9,R^2=0.8486),将蓝莓果实硬度和好果率进行关联,作为模拟运输及货架期间蓝莓果实质地变化的判断依据。

Effect of different treatments on the simulated transportation and shelf quality after the postharvest of the blueberry was studied.With the Powderblue blueberry as the research object, blueberry and antistaling agent（ the ethylene adsorbent of 10 mg/g and 20 mg/g, 1-MCP of 1μL/L）were put into a foam box, with coolants added.After the simulated transportation for 72 h with the speed of 100 km/h at the external environment of 35℃ ,the box was opened and the blueberry was transferred into the biochemical culture box. After pre- cooling at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 4 h, the samples were transferred to shelf experiment.The texture parameters arid good fruit rate of blueberry were detected every 48 h.The results showed that the fruit quality with 20 mg/g ethylene absorbent could maintained better than others.After the arrangement of shelf, the good fruit rate of CK was only 58.48% .However,with ethylene adsorbent of 10 mg/g,ethylene adsorbent of 20 mg/g as well as 1-MCP of 1 μL/L,the good fruit rates were increased by 24.01% ,49.93% and 42.25% respectively. However, with the treatment of 20 mg/g ethylene adsorbent, decreased rate of hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience of blueberry could be delayed.Therefore, the effect of using 20 mg/g ethylene adsorbent for the Powderblue blueberry treatment was the best. There was a good linear relationship between the rate of good fruit of blueberry and hardness within certain range.Therefore, a simple regression equation was put forward （ y = 0.037x^2 -0.690x ＋ 230.9, R^2 = 0.8486） to build the relationship between the blueberry fruit hardness and good fruit rate,which would a judgment basis of change of the blueberry fruit texture in simulated transportation and shelf period.