粪菌移植的临床应用研究进展

Advances in clinical practice of fecal microbiota transplantation

人类的肠道菌群种类及数量众多,目前被认为是人体的一个特殊器官。肠道菌群在维持肠道的正常生理功能和机体免疫功能方面发挥了重要作用,肠道微生态失衡与炎症性肠病、代谢综合征、肝病、心血管疾病、精神疾病、关节炎等多种肠内外疾病密切相关,纠正肠道微生态失衡将有助于上述疾病的治疗。粪菌移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)是指将健康人粪便中的功能菌群移植到患者胃肠道内,重建具有正常功能的肠道菌群,以达到治疗肠道和肠道外疾病的目的。目前报道FMT已应用于艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、代谢综合征等多种疾病的治疗中。本文就FMT的临床应用现状作一综述。

Human gastrointestinal tract contains a great numbers of microbes（microbiota）,which has been defined as a dynamic human organ.The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and modulation of the host immune system.Dysbiosis of intestinal flora is closely associated with many gastrointestinal（GI）diseases and other extraintestinal diseases.Fecal microbiota transplantation（FMT）can help to restore normal microbial composition by introducing fecal microbiota obtained from a healthy donor into a patient for treating some intra-and extraintestinal diseases.So far,FMT has been applied to treat Clostridium diffcile infection（CDI）,inflammatory bowel disease（IBD）,irritable bowel syndrome（IBS）,metabolic syndrome and some other diseases.This article aims to give an overview on the clinical practice of FMT.