中美人权报告介入模式与话语特征对比研究

A Comparative Study on the Engagement Pattern and Discourse Features of Chinese and American Human Rights Reports

以评价理论之介入系统为研究框架,借助Ant Conc等分析软件,对比分析2010至2016年中美人权报告介入模式及话语特征的异同。研究显示,中美报告均呈现出"强烈否定、拒绝接纳"的介入模式和"对抗性、权威性"的话语特征。在差异性方面,美方报告的介入模式呈"大幅介入、多方归属、进阶反对"样态,体现出"交互性、辐射性、空间性、焦虑性"四大话语特征。相比之下,中方报告的介入模式呈"直白公告"样态,体现出"单向性、收缩性、平面性、紧张性"话语特征。研究显示,中国涉外人权话语需"强化介入姿态、增补多声资源、优化逻辑演绎",以期有效对抗霸权话语、提升国际话语权。

Based on the engagement framework of the appraisal theory,this study compares the engagement pattern and discourse features of Chinese and American human rights reports from 2010 to 2016,by using the analytical tool Ant Conc3. 4. 4 w. Results indicate a similar favor of ＂deny＂resources as well as rejection of ＂entertain＂resources by both parties,bearing the analogous discourse features of antagonism and authoritativeness. Further investigation reveals a significantly more frequent usage of engagement resources in the American reports,especially＂attribute＂and＂counter＂resources,reflecting the interactive,radiating,spacious yet implicitly anxious discourse features. In contrast,the Chinese reports are found to have used fewer engagement resources,except for the＂proclaim＂words,displaying single-dimensional,contractive,relatively bland and rigid discourse features. Consequently,the Chinese government is advised to increase its use of engagement resources,particularly ＂dialogic expansion＂and logically deductive ＂counter＂resources for effective deconstruction of hegemonic discourse and enhancement of its international speaking rights.