从参与、愿景、设计到实施:STEM社区如何构建持续性的教育创新*——基于美国《STEM社区参与的DIY指南》的探讨

The Building of the Sustainability Educational Innovation in STEM Community

随着STEM教育在我国不断开展,如何将社区理念与STEM教育融合,实现STEM教育创新仍需探究。因此,该文分析美国《STEM社区参与的DIY指南》,分析构建STEM社区的必要条件,探讨促进STEM社区创新的方法。《STEM社区参与的DIY指南》提出STEM社区由社区参与、社区愿景、创新设计以及业务规划和实施四大模块组成;每个模块包括一系列可实施的行动条目。该文构建了高质量STEM社区的有效条件:保证多样化的社区参与、确保持续性的社区愿景、构建可操作的项目指标以及优化业务规划和实施计划,从而不断深化STEM社区的教育绩效和社会效益。根据我国国情和创新人才培养现状,文章提出促进STEM社区构建持续性教育创新的阶段性的、可操作性的建议:加强学生、学校、社区和经济的融合,营造STEM社区环境;形成循环持续渐进的教育生态;细化与评价指标对应的阶段流程;形成与愿景相对应的弹性和刚性相结合的评价指标;设计循序渐进的活动开展表。

The STEM education in China has already achieved preliminary development, but how to blend STEM education and Community to realize the innovation in STEM education is still needed to investigate. This paper analyzed the necessary conditions for the construction of STEM community, and probed into the ways to promote the innovation of STEM community under the report The Do-It-Yourself Guide to STEM Community Engagement in USA.The Do-It-Yourself Guide to STEM Community Engagement was made of four modules： community engagement, community visioning, innovation design and business planning and implementation. Each module included a series of enforceable action items, which ware greatly important to engage a high quality STEM Community. This paper proposed that effective conditions to construct high quality STEM community included： ensuring the diversification of community participation; ensuring sustainable community vision; constructing project index operation; optimizing the business planning and implementation plan, to deepen the education performance and social benefit of STEM community. It gave the periodical and practical advises for STEM Community education in China： enhancing the integration of student、school、community and economy, to build the environment of STEM Community; constructing STEM Learning Ecosystem in process of engage STEM Community be recycled, continuous and incremental; refining the process of each stage that must be parallel to indicators in the implementation of STEM Community items; establishing indicators that combine the soft qualitative and hard quantitative of STEM items’ vision; designing a step-by-step action items for STEM community.