氮掺杂碳片的模板诱导制备及其在超级电容器中的应用

Template Induced Fabrication of Nitrogen Doped Carbon Sheets as Electrode Materials in Supercapacitors

兼具有优良的导电能力、高的比表面积和极佳的化学/机械稳定性,具有二维形貌的纳米碳材料近年来逐渐成为超级电容器电极材料的研究热点.作者首次报道一种模板诱导方法以制备具有规整片状形貌的氮掺杂碳材料.将作为硬模板的片状镁铝双金属氢氧化物与熔融的邻苯二胺混合后加入三氯化铁催化剂,进而通过加热使邻苯二胺聚合并碳化,随后刻蚀除去其中的氧化物成分即可以得到具有规整六边形片状氮掺杂碳材料.通过改变碳化时的温度,可以有效地调节利用该方法所得到的氮掺杂碳片的形貌、结构、石墨化程度、氮含量以及比表面积.更重要的是,这些氮掺杂碳片在用作超级电容器电极材料时体现出优异的电化学性能,在0.5 A·g^(-1)的电流密度下其比容量可以达到290.0 F·g^(-1).在1 A·g^(-1)的电流密度下经过10000周循环测试后,其容量仍然可以达到初始值83%.

Due to the good electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, and excellent chemical/mechanical stability, carbon nanomaterials with two-dimensional morphology have gradually become the hot topic of the research on supercapacitors. Herein, we report for the first time the fabrication of nitrogen doped carbon sheets（NCSs）. In our approach, the sheet-like magnisum aluminum（Mg Al） layered double hydroxide was used as the hard template, which was mixed with o-phenylene diamine and iron chloride. The following thermal treatment could render the polymerization and carbonization of o-phenylene diamine. The NCSs with ordered hexagonal architectures were formed by final etching process of the thermally treated mixture. The morphology, structure,graphitic degree, nitrogen content and surface area of the as-prepared NCSs could be adjusted by the temperatures of the thermal treatment. More importantly, the NCSs exhibited outstanding electrochemical performances as the electrode materials in supercapacitors. Among the NCSs, the sample obtained from 600 oC（NCS-600） achieved a capacity of 290.0 F·g^（-1） at a current density of 0.5 A·g^（-1）. After 10000 cycles at 1 A·g^（-1）, the NCS-600 still retained 83% of its initial capacity, indicating high cycling stability.