派生词的语素教学实验研究——以“VP者”为例

Pedagogical Research on Chinese Derivatives——Based on an Experimental Study of “VP zhe(者)”

语素和构词法的教学对派生词的习得十分重要,不同教学处理方式促进学习者不同的词汇认知加工方式(联结加工、激活加工和创造加工),进而影响习得效果。本文以派生词"VP+者"为例进行教学实验,发现:讲解构词规则或者让学习者自己发现构词规则能够促进词汇的深层加工,从而大大促进激活加工和创造加工,因而能够抵抗记忆消退的影响,促进长时记忆,且规则介绍越清晰习得效果越佳;背诵法则主要促进联结加工,虽能实现即时的教学效果,但无长期功效。在实验的基础上,本文指出派生词教学的必要性并提出教学建议。

Instruction on morphemes and word formation rules is very important for vocabulary acquisition,as different pedagogical models promote different lexical cognitive processing patterns（ connection processing,activation processing or creation processing）,and further influence the final acquisition status. This pedagogical research on the derivative ＂VP ＋ zhe（ 者） ＂finds that： Both teachers＇ instruction and learners＇ self-finding of the formation rules can promote learners＇ deeper processing on vocabulary,which promotes activation processing and creation processing,and further promotes long-term memory.The clearer the instruction is,the more effective the acquisition is. Recitation,on the other hand,promotes connection processing,which only has instant teaching effect. Based on the research results,this study points out the necessity of teaching derivatives and provides some teaching suggestions.