高功率微波对稻谷中储粮害虫致死效果研究

Lethal Effect of High Power Microwave on Grain Pests

采用隧道式微波设备对1 kg水分含量16.5%的稻谷中谷蠹和杂拟谷盗的4种虫态:卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫,分别以2.4、3.2、4.0、4.8、5.6 k W微波功率处理10~120 s,确定各虫态完全致死时间。并对14.5%、16.5%、18.5%水分含量的稻谷中混有的谷蠹、杂拟谷盗成虫分别进行5种功率的微波处理。结果表明,微波功率、微波时间对试虫致死率均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。其中杂拟谷盗各虫态对微波敏感性由高到低为幼虫、卵、蛹、成虫,谷蠹各虫态对微波敏感性由高到低依次为卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫。稻谷水分从14.5%提高到18.5%,微波处理稻谷中试虫成虫死亡率提升2%~6%。随着微波功率的增大,试虫完全致死时间显著降低,杀虫效果越好。

Four different developmental stages of Rhyzopertha dominica（Fabricius） and Tribolium confusum （Jac.du Val）, eggs , larvae , pupae and adults , in rice with 16% moisture content were treated by tunneling microwave equipment to determine the completely dead time of insects, 10-120 s processing at 2.4,3.2,4.0,4.8 and 5.6 kW microwave power,respectively. And insecticidal efficacy was compared between 14.5% , 16.5% and 18.5% moisture content in rice by microwave power treatment. The results showed that the microwave power and microwave time had a significant effect on the lethality of the test insects （P〈0.01）. The susceptibility of insects to the microwave from high to low were as follows,larvae,egg,pupae,adults of Tri-bolium confusum （Jac.du Val） and eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of Rhyzopertha dominica （Fabricius） ,respectively. The moisture content of rice increased from 14.5% to 18.5%,and the mortality of insects was higher by 2%-6%.With the increase of microwave power, the total lethal time of test insects was significantly reduced, the better the insecticidal effect.