黄土高原地区土壤石油污染状况及生物修复技术研究进展

Research Progress on Petroleum Contaminated Soil and Bioremediation Technology in the Loess Plateau

概述了黄土高原地区土壤石油污染状况及近年来该区油污土壤生物修复的研究进展,分别对微生物、植物及微生物-植物联合修复方法进行综述,强调生物强化技术在生物修复中的突出地位及植物-微生物联合修复方法的应用潜能。由于石油污染物的复杂性,现存技术在实际修复中效果并不明显,提出运用分子生物学技术研究酶功能基因、将代谢组研究融入油污土壤的修复、深入探究植物根际分泌物与微生物作用及菌根真菌生物降解机制的建议,旨在对黄土高原地区石油污染土壤修复探究工作奠定理论基础,对促进黄土高原地区土壤的保护及可持续利用具有重大意义。

This paper summarized the research progress of petroleum contaminated soil and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau in recent years,and reviewed microbial remediation,phytoremediation as well as microbial-plant combined remediation,and emphasized the significance of bioaugmentation and huge potential of microbial-plant combined remediation in this region. There were lots of practical application problems in current technology due to the complexity of oil pollutants. This review put forward the proposal of enhancing the application of molecular biology,metabolomics research,the interaction of plant rhizosphere exudates and microorganisms as well as the biodegradation mechanism of mycorrhizal fungi into the remediation of oil contaminated soil in this region. It would offer the theoretical foundation for the further development of the soil restoration,which would be significant for promoting the conservation and sustainable utilization of the crude-oil contaminated soil in the Loess Plateau.