竞技健美操5人项目难度动作编排的趋势探析:以第14届世锦赛为例

Analysis on Trend of the Difficulty Movement Choreography of Five-person Event Aerobics: Taking the 14^(th) World Championships as an Example

为探究竞技健美操5人项目难度动作发展的方向及难度动作编排的趋势,以第14届健美操世锦赛为例,通过文献资料法、专家访谈法及录像分析法对5人项目决赛成套难度动作的排序、组别、分值、组合动作及完成情况进行全面细致的分析。结合2017—2020周期FIG竞技健美操评分规则,认为:1)A组水平转体动作的难度分值提高,B组难度分值有升有降,C组难度分值整体提高,D组垂直劈腿、单足转体难度分值降低,分值选择总体趋于稳中求高;2)男女运动员的组合形式成为趋势;3)难度动作组别以A、B为辅,C、D为主,呈现出1:1:5:2的结构特征;4)难度组合动作的连接形式趋于多样化。教练员应依据运动员的个人特点,慎选与创编难度组合动作,难度动作的训练和编排应体现技术发展潮流。

In order to explore the trend of the difficulty movements development direction and difficulty movement choreography in five-person event aerobics, this paper, taking the 14 thAerobics World Championship as an example, makes detailed analysis on the sort, group, score, combination of movements and performance by using the methods of literature review, interview and video analysis. Combined with the2017-2020 cycle FIG competitive aerobics scoring rules, it is considered that 1） the difficulty scores of horizontal rotation is improved in group A, the scores of the group difficulty fluctuate in group B, difficulty score increases overall in group C, the scores of vertical split and turn decreased in group D, and the overall scores tend to be steady and high; 2） mixed combination is becoming a trend; 3） the difficulty movement group is supplemented by A and B, mainly by C and D, showing the structural features of 1 ∶1 ∶5 ∶2; and 4） the connection forms of difficult combination movements tend to be diversified. Coaches should reflect the trend of technology development when selecting and creating difficult movements and the difficulty of training and choreography based on the personal characteristics of athletes.