低产茶园土壤养分评价与施肥技术初探——以文成巨屿镇清雅茶场为例

Preliminary Study of Fertilizing Technology and Evaluation of Soil Nutrients in Low Yield Tea Gardens in Southern Zhejiang-A Case Study o f Qingya Tea Garden in Juyu Town in Wencheng County

为了解低产茶园的土壤养分状态,以文成巨屿镇清雅茶场为例,选取样地取土调查分析,结 果表明,0~ 10cm和10 ~ 20cm两个土层土壤都是酸度过重;全氮含量整体偏低,速效钟极为缺乏,有效磷 含量比较丰富;不同土层土壤的中量元素整体比较丰富,平均含量都远远高于临界值,不存在亏缺现象,但 Ca/Mg 比值严重失衡;微量元素的含量有效态F e和有效态Z n都远远高于临界值,不存在铁和锌不足的状 况,但有效锰含量远远低于临界值,处于极度缺乏状态.因此在后期的茶园管理和提升方面,要加强精细 化管理,采用测土配方的施肥方法,注重有机肥的施用和各元素含量之间的平衡.

In order to understand the conditions of soil nutrients of the low yield tea gardens in southern Zhejiang, this thesis chooses soil sampling to make investigation and analysis, taking Qingya Tea Garden in Juyu Town in Wencheng County for example. The results showed that the soil acidity of 0~10cm and 10~20cm soil layers was too heavy. It had overall low content of total nitrogen, extremely insufficient rapidly-available potassium, and rich effective phosphorus content. The total amount of secondary elements in different soil layers was abundant. The average content was significantly higher than the critical value. There was no deficit, but Ca/Mg ratio was imbalanced. The contents of trace elements in available Fe and available Zn were much higher than the critical value. There was no shortage of iron and zinc. Available Mn content was much lower than the critical value. There was extreme shortage of Mn. Therefore, during the management and improvement of tea gardens, we should strengthen the meticulous and delicate management, adopt fertilization method using soil testing formula, and pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer and the balance between the contents of each element.