氮肥和播种量对啤酒大麦产量和籽粒品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Seeding Rates on Yield and Grain Quality of Malting Barley

啤酒大麦生产中,根据品种特性选择适宜的栽培环境及采取合适的农艺措施,是提高其产量和改善品质的关 键途径.为明确新品种特性及其配套农艺措施,本研究选用了 2 个啤酒大麦品种、设置不同氮肥用量和播种量,探讨其对 啤酒大麦农艺性状和籽粒品质的影响,结果发现：（ 1）供试品种的农艺性状和籽粒品质表现差异显著.总体上浙大9 号较 浙哼33表现出较高的产量和籽粒P- 淀粉酶活性以及较低的P- 葡聚糖含量,且在不同栽培条件下表现相对稳定;（ 2） 在一定氮肥范围内,增施氮肥可以提高产量,改善产量结构,但是会恶化籽粒品质.（ 3 ） 在一定播种量范围内,高播种量 会降低籽粒饱满度,但显著提高产量,且对其籽粒品质无不良影响.另外,播种量与籽粒饱满度之间的关系因品种而异, 在本试验条件下,高密度下浙大9 号的籽粒千粒重下降较少.结果显示,为保障啤酒大麦高产优质,生产中在选择良种的基础上,要合理施用氮肥,适当增加播种量.

In malting barley production,it is quite important to adapt suitable planting environments and reasonable agronomic practices so as to increase grain yield and improve malt quality. In order to identify the feature of the new cultivar and set up the reasonable agronomic practices for that, we selected 2 malting barley cultivars to investigate the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates and seeding rates on yield and malt quality. The main results are as follows： （1） The two new malting barley cultivars used in this experiment differed in agronomic traits and grain quality. Zheda 9 had higher grain yield and p-amylase activity, lower p-glucan content, with less change of malt quality in different environments. （2） Higher nitrogen fertilizer application rate increased grain yield,but deteriorated malt quality on the whole？⑶ Higher seeding rate reduced kernelimpact on grain yield and less effect on malt quality. The effect of seeding rate on kernel plumpness varied with cultivars, with Zheda 9 having less reduction with increased seeding rate. It may be concluded that in addition to cultivar, nitrogen fertilizer application and seeding rates have the distinct influence on barley yield and malt quality.