高岭土/聚磷酸铵阻燃硬质聚氨酯-酰亚胺泡沫塑料的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane-imide Foams Flame Retarded by Kaolin/APP

采用聚酰亚胺(PI)预聚法,以高岭土(Kaolin,KL)和聚磷酸铵(APP)为阻燃剂,合成KL/APP阻燃硬质聚氨酯-酰亚胺(PUI)泡沫塑料。分析KL/APP的添加量和配比对氧指数、烟密度、炭层形貌、表观密度及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着KL/APP复配阻燃剂添加量的增加,硬质PUI泡沫塑料的氧指数、表观密度、压缩强度、压缩模量以及表面粉化程度均增加,且密度指数分别为1.999和1.764;烟密度随着KL含量的增大而减小,KL/APP阻燃剂能改善泡沫炭层疏松多孔的缺点。

PI pre-polymerization method was adopted to synthesize the rigid polyurethane-imide （PUI） foams flame retarded by kaolin（KL） and APP. The effect of content and ratio of KL/APP on the lim-ited oxygen index, smoke density rank, char layer morphology, density and mechanical properties was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of content of KL/APP, the limited oxygen index, density,compressive strength and modulus and surface chalking degree of the rigid polyurethane-imide foams increase. The density exponent values for compression strength and compression modulus are fitted respectively as 1. 999 and 1. 764; while the smoke density rank of foams decreases with the in-creasing addition of KL. Moreover, the disadvantage of porous char layer of foams can be improved with the addition of KL/APP.