肿瘤科护士人格特征和正念与心理困扰的关系

Relation of mindfulness to personality traits and psychological distress among oncology nurses

目的:探讨正念在肿瘤科护士人格特征和心理困扰之间的中介作用。方法:选取山东省肿瘤科护士172名[平均(32±7)岁],采用大五人格问卷(BFI)、正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)、Kessler10量表(K10)调查其人格特征、正念水平及心理困扰情况。采用Bootstrap检验进行中介作用分析。结果:肿瘤科护士的K10平均得分为(22.3±6.5),50.6%的肿瘤科护士存在心理困扰问题。K10得分与BFI的外倾性、宜人性、尽责性得分及MAAS总分均呈负相关(r=-0.29、-0.31、-0.31、-0.48,均P<0.01),而与神经质得分呈正相关(r=0.40,P<0.01)。Bootstrap检验结果显示正念在神经质人格和心理困扰间的95%CI为0.05~0.28,中介效应占总效应的27.1%。结论:肿瘤科护士的人格特征和正念与心理困扰关系密切,正念可以中介神经质人格与心理困扰之间的关系。

Objective: To examine the potential mediating effect of mindfulness on personality traits and psychological distress. Methods: A total of 172 oncology nurses [mean age( 32 ± 7) years]in Shandong Province were selected. They were assessed with Big Five Inventory( BFI),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale( MAAS) and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale( K10) for the evaluation of personality traits,mindfulness and psychological distress. Bootstrap was used to test the mediating effect. Results: The mean score of K10 was( 22. 3 ± 6. 5) among oncology nurses,and 50. 6% of them had psychological distress problems. The K10 scores were negatively correlated with the scores of extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness and MAAS scores( r =-0. 29,-0. 31,-0. 31,-0. 48,Ps < 0. 01),and the K10 scores were positively correlated with neuroticism scores( r = 0. 40,P <0. 01). The confidence interval from Bootstrap output indicated mindfulness played a partial mediating role between neuroticism and psychological distress( 95% CI: 0. 05-0. 28),the value of mediating effect was 27. 1%. Conclusion: The relation of mindfulness to personality traits and psychological distress among oncology nurses are intimate. Mindfulness could mediate the relationship between neuroticism and psychological distress.