7-酮胆固醇在老年性黄斑变性发生发展中的作用研究现状

The role of 7-ketocholesterol in age-related macular degeneration

老年性黄斑变性（AMD）特征性改变为玻璃膜疣及基底膜线状沉积物，这些结构是沉积在Bruch膜内或其上的脂质物质。目前推测这些脂质的沉积是AMD发病的重要因素。脂质氧化产物具有毒性，可能影响临近细胞，诱发炎症反应，引发新生血管。7-酮胆固醇（7KCh）是一种胆固醇氧化产物，对视网膜组织和细胞的毒性及其诱发的慢性炎症可能在AMD发生发展中具有关键作用。但关于7KCh通过什么机制影响细胞功能、引发促炎环境及其是否与新生血管生成有关目前尚不明确。进一步了解7KCh参与AMD发生发展的可能机制有助于为AMD防治提供新的思路。

The hallmark lesions of age-related macular degeneration （AMD） are drusen and basal linear deposit which are lipid substances deposited in Bruch membrane or the compartment on the Bruch membrane. There is a prevailing hypothesis that lipid and its oxidized derivant deposited in retina may have important roles in the pathogenesis of AMD. Lipid oxidation products are toxic, may affect the adjacent cells, induce inflammation, and trigger neovascularization.7-ketocholestoral （7KCh）, a naturally occurring oxidized form of cholesterol, had been found to be toxic to retinal cells and able to induce chronic inflammation, which may play a critical role in the development of AMD. However the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated. Thus we will make a brief review of 7KCh and its association with AMD.