被监察者的权利及其保障研究

Study on the Rights of the Man Under Supervision and Their Security

监察委员会作为国家监察机关,其行为种类包括党内监察行为、行政行为、特殊调查及处置行为。监察权的整合对被监察者权利的影响表现为:被监察者程序权利尚待明确,监察委员会处理申诉案件的权限缺乏规定,被监察者请求国家赔偿存在法律障碍等。被监察者权利保障制度的完善,一方面应当确立监察与保障并重的原则,另一方面通过创建公职人员对内部处理决定的行政复议特别程序、保障被监察者的行政诉讼权利、明确国家监察机关的赔偿责任等畅通被监察者救济权行使的渠道。

As a national supervisory body,the authoritiesof Supervisory Committee include inside-party supervisory action, administrative action, special investigation and dispose. The effects caused by consolidation of supervisory powers emerge as the uncertain procedural rights, the lack of litigation that limits the authorities of Supervisory Committee＇s disposing appeal cases, the legal obstacles that prevent the supervised man from claiming state compensation, and so on. On the one hand, the principle that supervision and securing are both emphasized should be established; on the other hand, the remedies that could be used by the supervised man should be available, when it comes to improve the system of securing the supervised man＇s rights. These remedies includes creating a special process that public servants could put the internal decision into reconsideration, securing the supervised man＇s administrative litigation rights, specify the national supervisory bodies＇ compensation liability, and so on.