文莱的语言生态与双语教育政策研究

A Study of Language Ecology and Bilingual Education Policy in Brunei Darussalam

本文根据Haugen提出的语言生态理论,探讨了语言生态与语言政策之间的相互关系,并从社会环境、地理环境两个方面着重阐述了东盟国家——文莱的语言生态,如文莱的语言概貌、主要语言及其功能、少数民族语言及其语言活力等。此外,本文从三个历史阶段梳理了文莱实行双语教育政策的历史发展过程,多方面深入剖析了文莱双语教育体制的特点,并指出文莱的语言生态与文莱双语教育政策息息相关:文莱的语言生态是文莱双语教育政策的根本依据,而文莱双语教育政策则是对文莱语言生态的一种调适。

Based on the theory of language ecology proposed by Einar Haugen, the paper tends to explore the relationship between language ecology and language policy, and further elaborates several aspects of language ecology in Brunei from social environment and geographical environment, namely language survey, major languages and their functions, languages of ethnic groups and their vitality, etc. Furthermore, the paper traces the gradual development of bilingual education policy in three major stages of the Bruneian history and analyzes its outstanding features, and points out that there exists the close relationship between language ecology and bilingual education policy in Brunei; that is, Bruneian language ecology is the basis of Bruneian bilingual education policy, and Bruneian bilingual education policy is an adjustment to Bruneian language ecology.