东北粮食主产区耕地质量保护与农业可持续发展研究

A Study on Cultivated Land Quality Protection and Agricultural Sustainable Development in the Main Grain Producing Areas of Northeast China

耕地资源是不可逆转的稀缺资源,是人类赖以生存和发展的基础。耕地资源质量优劣直接影响着社会经济发展和粮食安全。目前,我国十三个粮食主产区的粮食产量占全国总产量的75%以上,2015年东北四省区粮食产量占全国总产量的23.8%,供应的商品粮占全国商品粮近1/3。然而,耕地资源质量状况不容乐观,土地退化、土壤污染问题严重。粮食主产区耕地质量及其变化趋势,直接影响国家粮食数量与质量安全走向。因此,实现我国农业的可持续发展,提升粮食主产区耕地质量是必须思考的问题。

Cultivated land resources are irreversible scarce resources, and they are the basis for human sur- vival and development. The quality of cultivated land resources directly affects the social and economic devel- opment and food security. At present, the grain yield of thirteen major grain producing areas in China accounts for more than 75% of the total output of China. In 2015, the grain yield of four provinces in Northeast China accounted for 23.8% of the total output of China, and the supply of commercial grain accounted for nearly 1/3 of the national commodity grain. However, the quality of cultivated land resources is not optimistic, and land degradation and soil pollution is serious. The cultivated land quality and its change tendency in the major grain producing areas have a direct impact on the trend of national grain quantity and quality safety. Therefore, to realize the sustainable development of China＇s agriculture and improve the quality of cultivated land in major grain producing areas must be considered.