高通量测序分析环保肥料增效剂对马铃薯根际土壤真菌多样性变化影响

Effects of a novel fertilizer synergist on fungi diversity from potato rhizosphere soil

【目的】高通量测序技术对研究环境样品中微生物群落组成具有很大的应用价值。土壤微生物群落结构和多样性及其变化在一定程度上反映了土壤的质量。旨在从微生物群落结构的角度阐述环保肥料增效剂对马铃薯根际土壤主要真菌类群结构的影响。【方法】通过高通量测序结果对比分析应用增效剂前后马铃薯根际真菌宏基因组ITS1区,并依据RDP中设置的分类阈值对序列进行物种分类。【结果】测序结果经过质量控制,共获得有效条带437 375条,依据97%的序列相似性做聚类分析,获得全部样品的可分类操作单元(OTUs)共633个。子囊菌的总体数量在所有样品中最多(相对丰度在56.95%-97.23%之间),且处理后呈增加趋势(HY除外),而担子菌门数量在处理后呈下降的趋势。基于真菌ITS1高通量测序结果获得的α指数显示,样品内部处理和对照之间真菌物种多样性有差别。基于真菌ITS1高通量测序获得的β指数显示,处理组与对照组的真菌多样性之间没有差别,这表明真菌多样性之间的差异更多地取决于样品采集地点。【结论】土壤特性是影响真菌种群的重要因素之一,环保肥料增效剂显著改善了土壤真菌的种群结构。

[Objective] The structure and diversity of soil microbial community and their changes reflect the quality of soil. To study the effects of a fertilizer synergist, we analyzed fungal communities from potato rhizosphere soil. [Methods] We used high throughput sequencing technology to sequence the fungi metagenomic DNA of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 1（ITS 1） in the roots of potatoes. With the aid of RDP classifier, all rhizosphere soil fungi were identified from the reads of OTUs. [Results] Sequencing data suggested that after the quality control, 437 375 reads were remained. Cluster similarity analysis was performed with threshold of 97% sequence similarity, yielding 633 OTUs from the 12 samples. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Ascomycota were predominant in all samples（relative abundance from 56.95% to 97.23%）. Ascomycota in all samples but Haiyuan with Novel Fertilizer Synergist increased. However, Basidiomycota decreased. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the fungal community diversity of the rhizosphere soil in the same site was different after fertilizer synergist application. however, in beta diversity analysis, no significant differences were observed with respect to fungal community composition, which could be attributed to the discrepancy in soil properties from different sampling sites. [Conclusion] Soil characteristics are one of the important factors in explaining the variation of microbial diversity. Fungal communities could be greatly changed by using Novel Fertilizer Synergist.