防治沙棘枝枯病药剂筛选

Fungicides for Controlling Sea-buckthorn Dieback

以市售各类杀菌剂为供试药剂,以沙棘枝枯病菌和发病严重的沙棘树为作用对象,采用生长速率法和田间喷施法,研究了5种药剂对沙棘枝枯病菌的室内抑菌作用,并将有效药剂进行毒力测定和田间防效试验,以期为沙棘枝枯病的快速防治提供参考依据。结果表明:4种化学农药50%百菌清WP、70%甲基硫菌灵、25%丙环唑乳油、70%百菌清WP和1种微生物农药寡雄腐霉对沙棘枝枯病菌具有明显杀菌作用。25%丙环唑乳油、70%百菌清WP和寡雄腐霉具有良好的抑菌效果,抑菌率在80%以上,药效期也比较长,达7 d以上。其中,25%丙环唑乳油的毒性最好,其次是寡雄腐霉,70%百菌清WP最差。田间防效试验表明,3种农药都可有效控制沙棘枝枯病的发生,施药后的发病率明显低于对照(P<0.05),防治效果达70%以上。因此,这3种药剂可以在生产上推广使用,以快速有效防治沙棘枝枯病。

Five fungicides were selected to inhibit the pathogen of sea-buckthorn dieback with inhibition growth rate method in lab.The toxicity of three effective agents was tested by papers on containing toxic media.And the sea-buckthorn dieback was also controlled with the three fungicides by spraying in field.The results showed that four chemical fungicides 50% carbendazim WP,70% thiophanate-methyl,25% propiconazole,70%chlorothalonil WP and one microbial fungicide Pythium oligandrum could remarkably inhibit the pathogen.The inhibiting effects of 25% propiconazole,70% chlorothalonil WP and Pythium oligandrum on the pathogen were best.The inhibition rates were all more than 80%. And the inhibiting time of the three fungicides was longer than others.The toxicity testing of three effective fungicides indicated that the toxicity of 25% propiconazole and Pythium oligandrum was great higher than that of 70% chlorothalonil. The disease incidence of three effective fungicides was obviously lower than CK,and the control efficiency were all above 70%.It was suggested that the three fungicides could be used to control sea-buckthorn dieback disease in the field.