地区海洋秩序视角下的南海问题

South China Sea Issue in the Perspective of Regional Maritime Order

南海问题具有复杂的政治和历史成因,且与国际地缘政治博弈、国际海洋法发展等密切相关,涉及地区海洋秩序的结构与重构。南海问题的发酵,反映了"二战"后地区秩序安排未能得到有效尊重和维护、《联合国海洋法公约》的局限性以及地区相应机制安排的缺失,同时也是大国海洋秩序博弈与地区规则"建章立制"的较量。对于中国来说,应该顺势而为、化危为机,将南海问题的解决与参与和塑造地区海洋秩序相结合,致力于将南海建设成为和平之海、友谊之海与合作之海。

The South China Sea issue derives from complicated historical and political backgrounds,which interacts with geopolitical situation and the development of international maritime law,including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea（ UNCLOS）. Nowadays,the South China Sea issue has already been closely linked with the deconstruction and reconstruction of regional maritime order. The chronic South China Sea issue reflects many factors of disorder,such as disrespect of post Second World War regional order arrangement,limitations of UNCLOS and lack of regional mechanisms. More importantly,the South China Sea issue reflects the geopolitical gaming among maritime powers regarding the maritime rules and order. For China,the opportunities come together with challenges. China should take holistic attitudes towards the solution of South China Sea issue and the construction of regional maritime order,and make all efforts to turn the South China Sea as the sea of peace,friendship and cooperation.