坡面各侵蚀分带的侵蚀特征对降雨雨型的响应

Responses of Erosion Characteristics of Erosion Zones in the Slope to Rainfall Formation

以不同侵蚀带的径流小区为研究对象,统计试验地附近土壤侵蚀观测站6年降雨、径流泥沙观测资料,对浅沟坡面不同侵蚀带侵蚀产沙对降雨雨型的响应,结果表明:随着降雨强度的提高,不同土壤侵蚀分带的径流量均呈增加趋势,且短历时、高强度暴雨在片蚀带、细沟侵蚀带和浅沟侵蚀带的径流量与土壤侵蚀量均最大;不同侵蚀分带径流产沙量呈显著的线性关系;随着降雨强度的增加,浅沟侵蚀带径流产沙量逐渐增大,不同降雨强度下,片蚀带径流产沙量均较小,表明发生坡面侵蚀的主要原因是由于沟蚀的径流产生引起的。在不同降雨雨型下的线性函数方程中,均以A1降雨雨型下三个侵蚀分带回归方程的斜率最大,且土壤侵蚀量与降雨强度之间呈显著的正相关关系。

Taking the runoff plot of different erosion zones as the studied object, the article is based on the statistical of rainfall, runoff and sediment data of soil erosion observation stations near 6 years around the test soil and sediment yield of different erosion zones in the shallow gully slope response to the rainfall pattern. The results show that with the increase of rainfall intensity, The runoff of different soil erosion zoning showed an increasing trend, and the short duration, high intensity rainstorm in the erosion zone, rill erosion belt and shallow gully erosion belt runoff and soil erosion were the largest; different erosion zone runoff sediment showed a significant linear relationship; with the increase of rainfall intensity, runoff sediment increased gradually with the ephemeral gully erosion, under different rainfall intensity, the runoff sediment amount in the erosion zone is smaller, indicating the occurrence of soil erosion is the main reason causing runoff due to gully erosion. The linear function equation in different rainfall patterns in the slope of A1 are the three type of rainfall erosion with the regression equation of the most high, and There is a significant positive correlation between the amount of soil erosion and rainfall intensity.