顶孢霉菌株(Acremonium hansfordii)可湿性粉剂和微粉剂对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨的药效评价

Evaluation of Acremonium hansfordii WP and MDP against Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris and Tetranychus truncates Ehara

【目的】明确虫生真菌顶孢霉对豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris)和截形叶螨(Tetranychus truncates Ehara)的防治效果.【方法】以啶虫脒和哒螨灵为对照药剂,采用喷雾法和喷粉法,测定顶孢霉孢子粉的室内毒力(LC50)及顶孢霉可湿性粉剂(WP)和顶孢霉微粉剂(MDP)田间药效.【结果】顶孢霉孢子粉对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨的LC50值分别为3.20×107个孢子/mL和4.63×108个孢子/mL.760mg/m2顶孢霉WP对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨处理11d后,其校正死亡率分别为78.38%和69.92%,均高于同期对照药剂.600mg/m2顶孢霉MDP处理9,11d后对豌豆蚜的校正死亡率分别为61.31%和70.29%,对截形叶螨的校正死亡率分别为48.27%,60.75%.500g/667m2剂量的顶孢霉WP对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨防效较好,处理14d后防效分别为74.60%,72.57%.400g/667m2剂量的顶孢霉MDP对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨处理14d后防效分别为70.19%,73.37%.【结论】顶孢霉WP和MDP随处理时间延长,对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨的校正死亡率逐渐增加,表现出良好的杀虫效果;对照药剂啶虫脒和哒螨灵初效好,但持效期短.因此,在农业生产中,顶孢霉两种制剂与化学农药交替使用,可延长对害虫的控制时间,在设施农业害虫防治中有很好的应用前景.

【Objective】To indicate the effect of Acremonium hansfordii against Acyrthosiphon pisum and Tetranychus urticae.【Method】The Laboratory toxicity determination of spores of A.hansfordii and field control effects of two pesticide formulations against pests were tested by spray and dusting methods.【Result】The spores of A.hansfordii had a higher virulence against A.pisumand T.urticae with theLC50 of 3.20 E＋07 spores/mL and 4.63 E＋08 spores/mL respectively.The corrected mortality of A.pisumand T.urticae were 78.38% and 69.92% respectively after 11 days of treated by 760 mg/m2 A.hansfordii WP.The corrected mortality of A.pisumand T.urticae were higher than the control.The corrected mortality of A.pisum were 61.31% and 70.29% respectively after 9 and 11 days of treated by 600 mg/m2 A.hansfordii MDP.The corrected mortality of T.urticae were 48.27%and 60.75%.The results of field tri-als indicated that the control efficiencies of A.pisumand T.urticae were much better than the control.The control efficiencies were 74.60%and 72.57%respectively after 14 days of treated by 500 g/667 m2 A.hansfordii WP.The control efficiencies of A.pisumand T.urticae were 70.19% and 73.37%respectively after 14 days of treated by 400 g/667 m2 A.hansfordii MDP.【Conclusion】The corrected mortality of A.hansfordii WP and MDP against A.pisumand T.urticae increase gradually with treatment time lasting,and the control efficiencies are higher than chemical pesticides.