政府、社区、非政府组织合作的城市社区参与式治理机制研究--基于三个街道案例的比较分析

A Comparative Case Study on Participatory Governance under Government-community-NGO Cooperation

政府、社区与非政府组织(NGO)合作成为近年来我国城市社区参与式治理的新模式。这种模式以社区为项目执行主体、以NGO为组织与能力培育平台。NGO的参与有效连接了政府与社区的居民,保障了项目执行。通过比较同一NGO参与三个街道社区的治理,可以看到政府、社区、NGO在合作治理模式中的角色转变。政府从以往的公共物品提供者转变为资金支持者和规则制定者;居委会成为公共服务项目的设计者和社区居民的组织、协调者;社区居民被有效整合进社区治理项目,NGO致力于提供技术支持和能力提升。由于存在NGO财政来源单一、社区自组织及能力不足、合作项目的可持续性受政府领导更迭影响等问题,需要予以改进。

Government-community-NGO cooperation has been the recent pattern of participatory gov- ernance in China＇s urban communities, with communities in charge of program implementation, NGO in charge of technique support and capacity building. Based on comparative study on three urban streets, the article argues that instead of directly getting involved in community affairs, governments turned out to be rule-makers and financial supporters; residents＇ committee plays the role of program coordinators; and residents＇ demands are included in public service programs with the involvement of NGO. However, cooperation between government, communities and NGO is inherently weak since governments dominate their NGOs＇ community entry and the cooperation relies much on informal ties and local cadres＇ alteration.