死胎的病因与预防

Etiology and prevention of stillbirth

死胎是妊娠最严重的并发症之一。死胎的病因多样且复杂,但仍有部分死胎原因不明。一般人群筛查包括监测胎动、胎儿生长发育和生化指标。降低死胎风险的措施包括识别高危人群、产前监测和适时分娩。从死胎病因着手发现高危人群、加强监测并及时干预,有可能减少死胎的发生。

Stillbirth is one of the most severe compli- cations of pregnancy and occurs far too frequently. Etiologies of stillbirth are various and complicated, but still with some unknown causes.Strategies, such as assessment of fetal activity, fetal growth screening and biomarkers, have been used to screen the general population.Interventions to prevent stillbirth include identification of high-risk women, antenatal surveil- lance and iatrogenic delivery.Finding high-risk pop- ulations, monitoring closely and intervening early may decrease the incidence rate of stillbirth.