塑胶跑道中有机磷酸酯的含量及健康风险

Contents and Health Risks of Organic Phosphorus Esters in Plastic Runway Products

采用超声萃取-层析净化-气相色谱/质谱联用仪定量分析塑胶跑道中7种有机磷酸酯(OPEs),方法回收率为71.41%~110.58%,标准曲线相关系数r>0.99,质控良好.采集并分析了成都市12个学校内的塑胶跑道样品中OPEs的含量及分布.结果表明2/3学校内的塑胶跑道样品中检出了OPEs,其中磷酸三正丁酯[tri-n-butyl phosphate,TnBP]、磷酸三异辛酯[tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate,TEHP]的检出率较高,而磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯[tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate,TCEP]、磷酸三(1,3-二氯异丙基)酯[tridichloropropyl phosphate,TDCPP]、磷酸三苯酯[triphenyl Phosphate,TPh P]在所有样品中均未检测到.Σ7OPEs含量范围为ND^534.89 ng·g^(-1),其中单体含量最高的是TnBP(ND^462.18 ng·g^(-1)).一个样品中检出了毒性较大的氯代磷酸酯-TCPP[trichloropropyl phosphate],含量为205.94 ng·g^(-1).成人和儿童通过皮肤接触摄入的Σ7OPEs日均暴露剂量(以bw计)最高,分别为0.14 ng·(kg·d)^(-1)和0.64 ng·(kg·d)^(-1),儿童的日均暴露剂量明显高于成人.成人及儿童的风险熵值(RQ)为10^(-7)~10^(-5).建议政府对塑胶跑道中OPEs使用量及添加种类进行管控,以更好地保护人群健康.

Using ultrasonic assisted extraction,column chromatograph purification and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer（GC-MS）analysis method to quantify the contents of seven kinds of organic phosphorus ester（OPEs） in plastic tracks in Chengdu City.The recovery rates of this method ranged from 71.41% to 110.58% and the correlation coefficient（r） of the standard curve was higher than 0.99,which demonstrates satisfying quality control.Plastic track samples were collected from twelve schools in Chengdu.The results show that OPEs are detected in two-thirds of plastic track samples.TnBP [Tri-n-butyl phosphate] and TEHP [tris（2-ethylhexyl） phosphate] were detected with high frequency,while TCEP [tri（2-chloroethyl） phosphate],TDCPP [tridichloropropyl phosphate] and TPh P [triphenyl phosphate] were not detected in any samples.Contents of the total OPEs（Σ7OPEs） in the plastic track ranged from ND to 534.89 ng·g^-1.TnBP was identified at the highest content levels（ND-462.18 ng·g^-1）.TCPP[Trichloropropyl phosphate],a chlorinated phosphate with higher toxicity,was detected in one sample with a contents of 205.94 ng·g^-1.The average exposure dose for adults was 0.14 ng·（kg·d）～（-1）,lower than that for children of 0.64 ng·（kg·d）～（-1）.Risk quotients of OPEs for adults and children were only 10～（-7）-10～（-5） and could be ignored.These results indicate that the government should limit the consumption,as well as the type of OPEs which are added to plastic tracks,to protect population health.