基于多源遥感数据和DEM的沱江流域人口分布与地形起伏度关系研究

Research on relationship between population distribution and the Relief Degree of Land Surface based on multi-source remote data and DEM: A case study of Tuojiang River Basin,China

地形起伏度是反映地形特征的重要指标,对人口空间分布有着重要影响.基于GIS/RS技术,集成DMSP/OLS灯光数据、NDVI等多源遥感数据对沱江流域人口统计数据进行了空间化,并从DEM中提取地形起伏度,通过定性和定量的分析方法,分析了人口密度与地形起伏度之间的关系.结果表明:人口空间分布值域介于496.67~9 896.4 km-2之间,其空间分布特征呈现出从城区中心向周围逐渐递减的态势,精度验证表明,人口空间分布具有一定的客观性和精确性.地形起伏度值域介于0.229~7.054之间,且由北向南逐渐减小的空间分布态势.人口空间分布与地形起伏度的关系分析表明:两者之间存在显著负相关关系,其关系散点图呈现"L"状分布.当地形起伏度为0.805时,两者关系出现拐点,即地形起伏度大于0.805时,人口空间分布陡然降低,单位面积内人口数呈现平缓减少的空间分布态势.对地形起伏度进行自然间断点5级分类后发现,地形起伏度前3级(0.229~0.509)的区域占全区总面积79.85%,分布着占全区88.23%的人口数.

As an important factor of terrain character description, the Relief Degree of Land Surface （RDLS） has important effect on the population spatial distribution.In this paper,multi-source data like DMSP/OLS light- ing data, NDVI, etc was integrated by the method of Geographical information system （GIS） and remote sensing （RS） technology,to inversing the statistical population to the population spatialization in Tuojiang River Basin, and the RDLS in basin was extracted from DEM.The relationship between population specialization and RDLS was analyzed through the analysis method of qualitative and quantitative.The results showed that the range of popula- tion spatial distribution characteristics is between 496.67 km^-2 and 9 896.4 km^-2, and there is the trend of the spatial distribution characteristics which degrees as the city center to the surrounding.RDLS better reflect the ter- rain distribution feature of study area, its range is between 0.229 and 7.054, with the trend of decreased from north to south.The characteristics of RDLS were same as the characteristics of terrain area.There are significant negative correlation relationship between the population spatial distribution and RDLS and the scatter diagram be- tween the two shaping the alphabet ＇L＇ .The relationship have a turning point when the RDLS located in 0.805, it means that the RDLS greater than 0.805, the number of population spatial distribution is sudden drop, reduce population per unit area, and present a gentle decrease the spatial distribution of momentum.Using the method of natural breakpoint to classified the RDLS to 5 level, and the population spatial distribution in different terrain area was analyzed.There was a phenomenon of significant difference of the population distribution in different terrain area.79.85% areas in total area were located in the top three levels of RDLS area, But it distribute the accounts of 88.23% population of the total population, namely, the RDLS was belonged to the interval of （0.229--0.509）.