试析当前香港本土主义政治光谱的两极化、归因及其引导对策

The Multiple Attributions of Polarization in the Contemporary Political Spectrum of Hong Kong's Localism and the Countermeasures to Settle the Problems Concerned

2005年至今的十余年,香港社会本土主义运动频发。当前香港本土主义的政治光谱呈两极化,可划分为以"社区重建运动"为诉求、保卫城市和本土文化的左翼"本土文化保育运动",和以切断香港与内地联系、鼓吹香港"城邦自治"为主张的右翼"激进本土主义运动"。在政治价值观和行动逻辑方面,"本土文化保育运动"主张温和理性的行动方式且不主张族群撕裂;"激进本土主义运动"主张采取"勇武抗争"的手段实行族群区隔,带有强烈的仇外情绪。香港本土主义政治光谱两极化归因于港英政府殖民统治时期在思想文化领域采取的文化帝国主义所造成的后殖民主义文化霸权,以及回归后特区政府在重振本土经济过程中的施政失当和管治不力等。解决这一问题的途径在于从经济、政治法规、社会政策和文化交流等多个层面制订相关措施,增强港人的国家认同和身份认同。

In last decade, the localism movements of Hong Kong occur quite often. After the illegal protest movement ‘Occupy Central' in 2014, the localism movement in Hong Kong tended to be radicalized. Currently the political spectrum of Hong Kong localism tends to be polarized, which can be divided into two categories. The leftwing's ‘local cultural conservation movement' defends the city as well as local culture with the demand of ‘community reconstruction movement'. By contraries, the ‘right-wing radical localism movement' advocates Hong Kong autonomy and even Hong Kong independence through cutting off the contact with mainland. In terms of political values and action logic, the local cultural conservation movement advocates moderate and rational mode of action, and doesn't advocate ethnic split. Conversely, radical localism movement advocated ethnic segregation through radical and violent means of valiant confrontation with a strong xenophobia. The political polarization of Hong Kong localism can attribute to the post-colonialism cultural hegemony caused by the implementation of cultural imperialism in the ideological and cultural fields by British Hong Kong government during its colonial rule. After the handover of Hong Kong's sovereignty to China, the HKSAR government has been confronted with multiple problems as policy misconduct and ineffective governance during its efforts in reviving the local economy. The solution of the issue is to work out relevant measures from the aspects of economy, politics, social policy and culture, so as to enhance the national identity of Hong Kong citizens.