身体的出场——论当代西方环境美学中的身体问题

Physical Appearance:On the Body in Contemporary Western Environmental Aesthetics

身体是环境美学中非常重要的一个范畴。与传统主流哲学在二元论之上把身体视为客体对象不同,环境美学通过建构连续性的一元论哲学,得以把身体看作文化的形而上学,因此身体由传统的客体位移到主体且为第一主体——这是对传统身体观念的巨大超越。与此相应,美学逐渐抛弃了"非身体化"——即精神化和心灵化倾向,向身体本位回归。以身体为本位的环境美学主张真正的审美反应源于欣赏者肉体介入到审美对象中。肉体的介入瓦解了传统美学中视听觉霸权,而将低级的嗅味觉等引入其中,并赋予它们以通达世界本体的意义。从而,"美学的身体化"也克服了因生理性、物理性而与意义世界隔绝的片面性。

Body is a very important category in environmental aesthetics. Through the construction of Monism of continuous meta- physics, environmental aesthetics can make the body a cultural metaphysics, which is different from the traditional philosophy based on the dualism regarding body as an object. Therefore, body is changed from traditional object to primary subject. This is a great tran- scendence of traditional concept of body. Accordingly, aesthetics gradually abandoned the ＂disembodiment＂,a tendency inclined to focus on spirit or heart and return to body. Environmental aesthetics, taking body as a standard, claims that the real aesthetic response orig- inates from the body involved in the aesthetic object. Intervention of body disintegrates the domain of visual-auditory in traditional aes- thetics, and the sense of smell and taste is introduced, which will give them the access to the meaning of world ontology. Thus, the ＂aesthetics of body＂ also overcome the isolation from the meaningful world which is caused by its physiological and physical nature.