城市景观格局变化对生物遗传多样性影响的模拟研究——以沈阳市为例

Landscape Genetics Simulation of the Biological Genetic Diversity was Affected by the Changes of Landscape Patten of Shenyang City

近年来,城市化进程的加快,很大程度地改变了城市生物的生存环境,给物种遗传多样性造成了巨大影响.掌握城市景观布局动态变化对物种多样性的影响,在管理和保护生物工作中意义重大.以1992、2013年Landsat TM的数据为基础,使用GIS平台和遥感技术,对沈阳市20年来城市景观布局变化展开研究,并基于CDPOP景观遗传学模拟方法,分析了20年间沈阳市鸟类遗传多样性的变化.研究结果表明,20年间城市建设用地面积显著增加,而作为鸟类生境与扩散生境的林地和农田面积逐渐减少,并导致了鸟类遗传多样性的降低.在2013年景观格局基础上,修复鸟类生态廊道,并适当提高生境面积,模拟结果发现鸟类的遗传多样性得到显著增加.

Fast urbanization is increasing drastically changed the living environment,urban biological genetic diversity caused a huge impact to the species.To understand the impact of urban landscape pattern change of genetic diversity of biological conservation and management is of great significance.In this paper,by using Landsat TMdata in 1992 and 2013,with remote sensing and GIS platform support,the research for 20 years in Shenyang city landscape pattern change,and the simulation method based on CDPOP landscape genetics,research for 20 years in Shenyang birds the change of the genetic diversity,The results showthat the urban construction land area increased significantly,and the forest land and farmland as the habitat,the habitat of birds and diffusion areagradually reduced,resulting in a loss of the genetic diversity of birds.Based on the landscape pattern of 2013,ecological corridors of birds to repair and improve habitat area,found that the genetic diversity of birds have increased significantly.The study of genetic diversity for biological conservation,ecological construction and urban planning to provide scientific basis.