论《宋元学案》对朔学的诠释与评价——以司马光及其弟子刘安世、范祖禹、晁说之为中心

An Analysis on Annotation and Evaluation of Shuo School in Song Yuan Xue An——Focusing on Sima Guang and His Disciples Liu Anshi, Fan Zuyu and Chao Shuozhi

全祖望为道学六先生之一、朔学创始人司马光及其高弟刘安世、范祖禹、晁说之分别设立学案,并确立其思想史地位。全祖望通过考证对司马光《资治通鉴》的具体分工提出不同于胡三省的看法,明确了刘攽作为全局副手的贡献。全祖望指出刘安世继承其师的刚健,范祖禹继承其师的纯粹,晁说之继承其师的数学。刘安世谨守诚之工夫而提倡三教合一。范祖禹虽非二程弟子但他们的学术思想则是一致的。晁说之致力于批判新学与传承经学。全祖望的评价兼顾人品道德与学术思想,并在黄宗羲道、儒合一基础上提出道、儒、文合一,体现了兼容并包、去短集长的会通思想。

Quan Zuwang set up Xue An for one of Neo-Confucianism Six Mr and founder of Shuo Xue Sima Guang and his disciples Liu Anshi and Fan Zuyu and Chao Shuozhi,and established their academic position.Quan Zuwang expressed different opinions with Hu Sanxing on the specific arrangement of Sima Guang＇s Zi Zhi Tong Jian,and makes clear Liu Ban＇s contribution as global assistant.Quan Zuwang pointed out Liu Anshi carry forward Sima Guang＇s vigorous,Fan Zuyu carry forward Sima Guang＇s pureness,Chao Shuozhi carry forward Sima Guang＇s explicating idea by diagrams.Liu Anshi make efforts on Cheng and advocate combination of three religions.Fan Zuyu is not Er Cheng＇s disciple but their academic idea are the same.Chao Shuozhi devote himself to criticize Xin Xue and inherit study of Confucian classics.Quan Zuwang evaluation attach importance to both moral character and academic thoughts,and advocate unification of Neo-Confucianism and Confucian learning and scholars on basis of Huang Zongxi＇s unification of NeoConfucianism and Confucian learning,and reflect thought fusion of compatibility and mutually reinforcing.