涂尔干道德教育思想及其当代意义——以个人和社会关系为视角

Durkheim's Thought on Moral Education and Its Contemporary Significance——From the Perspective of Individual and Social Relations

西方的道德教育历经了传统品格教育、国家主义教育、个人品格教育三大阶段,这些不同的德育模式都是围绕着个人、社会和道德的关系展开的。但是这几种德育模式都没有很好地处理好这些关系,从而导致了西方的道德虚无主义。法国社会学家和道德教育理论家埃弥尔·涂尔干讨论了德育中如何处理个人与社会关系这一理论难题。因此,进一步探讨和剖析涂尔干的道德教育思想,对我国当前的道德教育改革与创新具有一定的借鉴意义和参考价值。

Western moral education has gone through three stages： traditional character education,nationalism education and individual character education.These different moral education patterns revolve around personal,social and moral relations.However,these moral education models do not deal with these relations perfectly,which leads to moral nihilism in the West.French sociologist and moral education theorist Emile Durkheim discusses the theoretical problem of how to deal with personal and social relations in moral education.Therefore,the further discussion and analysis of Durkheim＇s moral education thought has a certain reference value for the current reform and innovation of moral education in China.