大学生田径运动员和普通大学生不同部位骨密度的均值比较

Mean bone mineral density in different parts of college track and field athletes versus college non-athletes

背景:研究发现在成年人时能够达到较高的峰值骨量对预防老年性骨质疏症有着重要意义。目的:探讨田径运动对大学生骨密度的影响及大学生骨密度的性别差异。方法:选取河南省郑州市普通高校的汉族大二学生86人做为受试者,其中大学生田径运动员26人(男性14人,女性12人),普系学生60人(男性30人,女性30人)。采用美国GE公司生产的Prodigy Advance型双能X射线骨密度仪对受试者的利手侧桡骨远端1/3处、右侧股骨颈、右侧股骨Ward三角、右侧股骨大转子和右侧跟骨进行骨密度测定。利用SPSS 13.0数据统计软件对所得数据进行Descriptive Statistics和Independent-Sample Test。结果与结论:(1)利手侧的桡骨远端1/3处、右侧股骨大转子及右侧跟骨的骨密度值在相同性别大学生田径运动员显著高于普系学生(P<0.05),大学生田径运动员右侧股骨颈和右侧股骨Ward三角的骨密度均非常显著高于普系学生(P<0.01);(2)同一组别内右侧跟骨的骨密度男性显著高于女性(P<0.05);(3)结果说明,田径运动能够显著地提高大学生的骨密度,但是对大学生不同部位骨密度的影响程度是不同的,这可能和田径运动的动作技术特点有关,跟骨骨密度的性别差异有待进一步深入探讨。

BACKGROUND： Peak bone mass obtained in adults has been shown to be of great significance for preventing senileosteoporosis.OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of track and field on bone mineral density of college students and the difference inbone mineral density between sexes.METHODS： Totally 86 Han sophomore students from Zhengzhou Universities, Henan Province, including 26 track andfield athletes （male： 14; female： 12）, and 60 non-athletes （male： 30; female： 30）. The bone mineral densities of the distalradius 1/3, right femoral neck, right femur Ward triangle, right femur trochanter and right calcaneus were measured byProdigy Advance dual energy X-ray instrumentation （GE company, US）. Descriptive Statistics and Independent-SampleTest were analyzed by the SPSS13.0 software.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： For same gender, the bone mineral densities of the distal 1/3 radius, right femoralgreater trochanter and right calcaneal bone in athletes were significantly higher than those in non-athletes （P 〈 0.05）; thebone densities of the right femoral neck and right femur Ward triangle in athletes were significantly higher than those innon-athletes （P 〈 0.01）. In the same group, the males had a significantly higher bone density of the right calcaneus thanfemales （P 〈 0.05）. These results manifest that track and field can significantly improve the bone mineral density ofcollege students, and exerts different effects on different limb parts, which may be related to the sport characteristics.Besides, futher investigation on the sex difference in calcaneus bone density is indispensable.Subject headings： Track and Field; Bone Density; Students; Tissue Engineering.