论公孙龙在康有为视界中的身份迷失

A Study on the Loss of Gongsun Long's Multi-identity in the Viewpoints of Kang Youwei

在考辨"学术源流"的过程中,康有为将公孙龙纳入了视野。总的说来,与对公孙龙思想的关注、挖掘和诠释相比,他显然对公孙龙的身份归属和传承谱系更感兴趣。康有为视界中的公孙龙以身份归属为主,并在对公孙龙思想传承的梳理中使之拥有了名家、墨家、儒家以及孔子后学等多种身份。康有为给予公孙龙的各种身份之间不能自洽,不仅各种身份归属之间相互抵牾,而且引发了公孙龙与墨子、孔子关系的诸多矛盾。康有为对公孙龙的审视和评价隐藏着对先秦诸子关系的认识,尤其是将以孔子与墨子关系为代表的先秦诸子关系的矛盾认识推向了极致。有鉴于此,康有为视界中的公孙龙并非只限于对公孙龙本人的认识,也并不只关乎公孙龙一人在近代的命运。解读康有为视界中的公孙龙,有助于领悟康有为的名家观、墨家观、儒家观和孔学观。

In the pursuit of academic origin,Gongsun Long（ B. C. 320-B. C. 250）,a famous ancient Chinese philosopher in Warring States Period,comes into the view of Kang Youwei who pays more attention to the identity and inheritance pedigree of Gongsun Long. As for Gongsun Long＇s identity,Kang Youwei gives him multiple identities representing the Logicians,Mohist School and Confucius etc. However,these identities are inconsistent and conflict each other,which implies Kang＇s comprehension of and attitude to pre-Qin scholars in his reviews and comments,especially emphasizing the conflict between pre-Qin scholars respected by Confucius and Mohist. Therefore,Gongsun Long in the viewpoints of Kang Youwei is more than Gongsun Long himself. To sum up,the interpretation of Gongsun Long from Kang Youwei＇s perspective contributes to a better understanding of Kang Youwei＇s philosophy.