汉语比较句引介词的功能特征再析

The Properties of Standard Introducers in Chinese Comparative Constructions Revisited

文章全面分析汉语比较句中引介词的语法功能及语义特征,提出并论证:(1)比较句中的引介词(比、和、跟、同)与一般连词(和、跟、同)均为功能中心语,分别投射出一个由两个名词短语A和B组成的复合名词短语DP,故两者均具有复数特征([+复数]);(2)比较句中的引介词为伴随介词,其语义为"A伴随B",而连词的语义为"A和B添加(在一起)"。该分析统一解释了比较句的语法功能特征及其与连词句接受"都"量化时的相逆表现。

This paper analyses the properties of standard introducers in Chinese comparative constructions. It argues that(i) the standard introducers("bi"(比) "he"(和) "gen"(跟) "tong"(同)) as well as the common conjunctions("he""gen""tong") are functional categories,each projecting a complex DP containing two nominal phrases of A and B and bearing < + Pl > feature([DP [A]"bi"/"he"[B]]< + Pl>);(ii) the standard introducers are comitative prepositions meaning A is accompanied with B whereas common conjunctions have the meaning of A is added to B. The analysis provides a unified account for not only the grammatical properties of comparative constructions but also the reverse behavior of comparative constructions from that of constructions with normal prepositions when quantified by "dou"(都).