说准话语语气词

On Quasi Discourse Modal Particles

准话语语气词指只能附着话题和述题的句法成分、逻辑成分的句中语气词,包括"啊、啦、了、咧、的、也罢、也好"等7个。它们能后跟句法停顿、逻辑停顿并与句法调同现,附着话题或述题里的并列成分、反复成分,依次从句法、韵律上临时将其重组为例举语块、舒缓呼语语块或描摹语块,然后单独或与例举标记、话题前标记或焦点前标记一起作句子的话语成分(话题、述题),或话题、述题的句法成分、逻辑成分,具有独特的句法、韵律、语义和话语功能以及逻辑功能。准话语语气词的以上特征,使得它与话题提顿词或主位标记之间存在明显对立或互补,应该视为一个独立小类。

Generally speaking,those so-called sentence-middle particles,like "a"(啊),"la"(啦),"le"(了),"lie"(咧),"de"(的),"yeba"(也罢),and"yehao"(也好) attaching to the topic,can be labelled "quasi discourse modal particles". They can follow the syntactic,logic or prosodic pause,cooccur with the syntactic tune,and attach to the paralleling,repeating or reduplicating elements,to form exemplifying phrases,soothing phrases or tracing phrases from the perspective of syntactic rhythm. The three kinds of restructured phrases function as topic(or theme),comment(or rheme) or their syntactic,logical or rhyme's constituents,with(out) exemplifying marker,topic pre-marker or focus pre-marker. Additionally,they have special syntactic,rhythmical,semantic and discourse functions,as well as logic and prosodic functions. These features of quasi discourse modal particles make them distinctive from or complementary with pause words or thematic markers and should be considered as a subclass of particles.