惊讶范畴:类型学研究的新领域

Mirativity:A New Category in Typological Study

惊讶范畴是类型学研究的一个新领域,西方语言学界进行了广泛探讨。惊讶范畴表达言语交际者没有预料或者感到吃惊的信息,主要语法形式包括动词的复杂屈折变化、动词词缀、小品词、人称代词、传信语等。汉语中也有惊讶范畴,由具体的词汇或/和特定的句法结构表达,但还有待进一步的研究。

Mirativity is an uprising cross-linguistic category recently researched across world languages with fruitful achievements from western scholars. The core meaning of mirativity is surprise and unprepared mind of the speaker, and the range of mirative meanings may be expressed through different ways, mainly complex verbal constructions, verbal affixes, particles, pronouns, and evidentials. This article offers a prelim-inary description of mirativity in Mandarin Chinese, and finds that mirativity is encoded with unique lexicons and/or mirative constructions.