《左传》“棫林”考

Textual Research on “Gaolin” in Zuozhuan

《左传》有两个"棫林",异地同名,东西悬隔。对其地望,学者颇有争议。东棫林在今河南叶县东北,方位较为明确。西棫林不少学者以为在陕西凤翔,则不可信。《左传》襄公十四年载,晋率诸侯之师伐秦,西渡泾水,进军雍都,仅至棫林而止,证明棫林与雍都(凤翔)距离尚远。从相关文献和铜器铭文资料看,关中的棫林当在陕西扶风县东北,金文作棫、淢或下淢,又称作"郑"。周宣王时,郑桓公初封于郑,亦即此地。

There are two different places with the same name ＂Yulin1’ in Zuozhuan, so that the study about Yulin is in hot dispute a- mong the scholars. The east Yulin was definitely located in nowadays Ye County of Henan province. While the west Yulin was situated in Fengxiang County of Shaanxi province, which waits for fix verification. According to Zuozhuan： Duke Xiang of Lu in Year 15,King-dom Jin leaded feudal Lords＇ army to attack Qin,tiding across the Jing River towards the west,marching to the Yongdu,stopped no further at Yulin . The records prove that Yulin was far away Yongdu （Fengxiang）. From the records of related documents and bronze inscriptions, Yulin in the Guanzhong Basin was located to the northeast of Fufeng County of Shaanxi province,which was once called Xi, Yu,or Lower Yu,also called Zheng. During the Zhou Dynasty of Emperor Xuan,the place where Duke Huan of Zheng was origi-nally granted is called Zheng,namely Yulin.