文庙祭祀与儒家道德信仰

Temple Worship and Confucian Moral Beliefs

学校释奠是孔子之前便已存在的古礼,从本质而言,这是一种与"师"有关的祭祀仪式,故成为文庙祭祀的礼制依据。经过后世儒家的意义转化,文庙祭祀主祭孔子并以历代儒家圣贤从祀,是体现儒家道统观的重要形式。天下通祀孔子,并非是为了使孔子神圣化,而是推崇其"道"与"教",使人文意识得以凸显而令宗教色彩进一步淡化。文庙祭祀始终"以教化为大务",发挥着宣扬儒家道德的功用。文庙祭祀不仅表达了后世对于孔子本人及历代儒家圣贤的礼敬与尊崇,更体现出传统社会对于孔子价值观的信仰。

The school sacrifice ceremony is an ancient ceremony that existed before Confucius. In essence,it is a ritual ceremony related to ＂teacher＂, so it becomes the ritual basis for ritual worship of the Confucian T empla After the transformation of Confucianism in the later ages, Confucius Temple sacrifices worshiping Confucius and worshiping Confucian sages and saints, which is an important form of Confucianism. It is notforthe purpose of sanctifyingConfucius,butratheradvocatingits ＂Morality＂ and ＂Teaching＂ so thatthehumanisticawareness can be high-lighted and the religious color can be further diluted Confucian Temple sacrifice regards ＂enlightenment as a large undertaking＂ playing a pretextto promote Confucian morality. The sacrifice of the Confucian Temple not only expresses the respect and reverence of the later generations for Confucius and the Confiiciansagesofallage ,butalsoreflects the traditional society＇s beliefsabout Confiician values.