城市社区公共文化空间的建设现实与未来设计——基于全国17省46社区的考察

The Urban Community Public Cultural Space:Construction Reality and Future Design——Based on a survey of 46 communities in 17 provinces across China

公共文化服务体系发展中的公共文化空间功能价值日益凸显,文化建设逐步出现空间转向的趋势。社区公共文化空间是社区居民文化参与、经济生活的重要空间基础,是文化参与方行为表达的场域和空间环境,对文化参与的结果有重要影响。基于全国17省46社区的考察数据,将生活条件、文化参与成本、文化参与氛围、文化场馆建设状况以及文化服务供给方式和质量五个影响居民文化参与的因素与不同人群进行交叉分析,阐述其文化空间需求的基本性,以及城市社区公共文化空间的三个特征,即聚集化、层次化和波动性,并总结出参与主体缺失、资源利用率低、理论缺乏及保障机制不健全等问题是导致社区居民文化参与程度低的重要原因,进而从物理场域建设、文化活动和服务建设以及参与者三个方面提出城市社区公共文化空间建设的基本框架,分析得出城市社区公共空间建设的基本模式类别为,设施整合型、文化礼堂型、虚拟空间型和生态群落型等。

In the development of public cultural service system,the function of public cultural space is of value.Space construction becomes a new shift in cultural construction field.As a carrier for residents＇ economic and cultural life,which provide physical space for cultural expression,public cultural space has important influence on the results of cultural participation.Based on a survey data of 46 communities in 17 provinces of China,we analyze the relationship between different populations and factors affecting residents＇ cultural participation,which are living conditions,cultural participation costs,cultural participation atmosphere,and the quality of culture venues and cultural service supply.Results show that there are a basic demand and three variation characteristics（agglomeration,classification,volatility）of public cultural space.We conclude that the lack of participants and theory,the low utilization rate of resources,and the imperfect security mechanism are the important reasons leading to the low degree of cultural participation of community residents.Then on this basis,we put forward the basic frame of the urban community public cultural space from three aspects of physical field construction,cultural activities and participants,and explore the mode of building the urban community public cultural space,including facilities integration,cultural auditorium,virtual space and ecological communities.